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Unix operating system originally developed by Sun MicrosystemsSolaris( by in 2009),OS familyWorking stateCurrentSource modelMixedInitial releaseJune 1992; 27 years ago ( 1992-06)11.4 / August 28, 2018; 16 months ago ( 2018-08-28)Marketing target,Platforms, (except Solaris 11), (Solaris 2.5.1 only)typewithDefaultVariousOfficial websiteSolaris is a originally developed. It superseded the company's earlier in 1993. In 2010, after the, it was renamed Oracle Solaris.Solaris is known for its, especially on systems, and for originating many innovative features such as, and Time Slider.Solaris supports SPARC and and from Oracle and other vendors.

Solaris is registered as compliant with the.Historically, Solaris was developed as. In June 2005, Sun Microsystems released most of the under the license, and founded the project.

With OpenSolaris, Sun wanted to build a developer and user community around the software. After the acquisition of Sun Microsystems in January 2010, Oracle decided to discontinue the OpenSolaris distribution and the development model. In August 2010, Oracle discontinued providing public updates to the source code of the Solaris kernel, effectively turning Solaris 11 back into a operating system. Following that, OpenSolaris was forked as and is alive through several.In 2011, the Solaris 11 kernel to. However, through the (OTN), industry partners can still gain access to the in-development Solaris source code. Solaris is developed under a development model and only the source for open source components of Solaris 11 are available for download from Oracle. Contents.History In 1987, and Sun announced that they were collaborating on a project to merge the most popular Unix variants on the market at that time:,.

This became Unix (SVR4).On September 4, 1991, Sun announced that it would replace its existing BSD-derived Unix, with one based on SVR4. This was identified internally as SunOS 5, but a new marketing name was introduced at the same time: Solaris 2. The justification for this new overbrand was that it encompassed not only SunOS, but also the and (ONC) functionality.Although SunOS 4.1. X micro releases were Solaris 1 by Sun, the Solaris name is used almost exclusively to refer only to the releases based on SVR4-derived SunOS 5.0 and later.For releases based on SunOS 5, the SunOS minor version is included in the Solaris release number. For example, Solaris 2.4 incorporates SunOS 5.4.

After Solaris 2.6, the 2. Was dropped from the release name, so Solaris 7 incorporates SunOS 5.7, and the latest release SunOS 5.11 forms the core of Solaris 11.4.Although SunSoft stated in its initial Solaris 2 press release their intent to eventually support both SPARC and x86 systems, the first two Solaris 2 releases, 2.0 and 2.1, were SPARC-only.

An x86 version of Solaris 2.1 was released in June 1993, about 6 months after the SPARC version, as a and uniprocessor workgroup server operating system. It included the emulator to support Windows applications. At the time, Sun also offered the system that it had acquired from. In 1994, Sun released Solaris 2.4, supporting both SPARC and x86 systems from a unified source code base.On September 2, 2017, a former Sun Microsystems employee not hired by Oracle in the acquisition, reported on that Oracle had laid off the Solaris core development staff, which many interpreted as sign that Oracle no longer intended to support future development of the platform. While Oracle did have a large layoff of Solaris development engineering staff, development continues today of which was released in 2018.

Supported architectures Solaris uses a common for the platforms it supports: and i86pc (which includes both and ).Solaris has a reputation for being well-suited to, supporting a large number of. It has historically been tightly integrated with Sun's SPARC hardware (including support for applications since Solaris 7), with which it is marketed as a combined package. This has led to more reliable systems, but at a cost premium compared to PC hardware. However, it has supported x86 systems since Solaris 2.1 and 64-bit x86 applications since Solaris 10, allowing Sun to capitalize on the availability of commodity 64-bit CPUs based on the architecture. Sun has heavily marketed Solaris for use with both its own 'x64' and based on and processors, as well as x86 systems manufactured by companies such as,. As of 2009, the following vendors support Solaris for their x86 server systems:. Dell – will 'test, certify, and optimize Solaris and OpenSolaris on its rack and blade servers and offer them as one of several choices in the overall Dell software menu'.

Intel. Hewlett Packard Enterprise – distributes and provides software technical support for Solaris on BL, DL, and SL platforms. Fujitsu SiemensAs of July 2010, Dell and HP certify and resell Oracle Solaris, Oracle Enterprise Linux and Oracle VM on their respective x86 platforms,and IBM stopped direct support for Solaris on x64 kit. Other platforms Solaris 2.5.1 included support for the platform , but the port was canceled before the Solaris 2.6 release.

In January 2006, a community of developers at began work on a PowerPC port which they named Polaris. In October 2006, an community project based on the efforts and Sun Labs' Project Pulsar, which re-integrated the relevant parts from Solaris 2.5.1 into OpenSolaris, announced its first official source code release.A port of Solaris to the Intel architecture was announced in 1997 but never brought to market.On November 28, 2007, Sun, and Sine Nomine Associates demonstrated a preview of running on an under, called Sirius (in analogy to the Polaris project, and also due to the primary developer's Australian nationality: of 1786 was a ship of the to ). On October 17, 2008, a prototype release of Sirius was made available and on November 19 the same year, IBM authorized the use of Sirius on System z (IFL) processors.Solaris also supports the platform (ABI), allowing Solaris to run native Linux on x86 systems. This feature is called Solaris Containers for Linux Applications (SCLA), based on the functionality introduced in Solaris 10 8/07. Installation and usage options Solaris can be installed from various pre-packaged software groups, ranging from a minimalistic Reduced Network Support to a complete Entire Plus. Installation of Solaris is not necessary for an individual to use the system.

Additional software, like Apache, MySQL, etc. Can be installed as well in a packaged form from sunfreeware. Solaris can be installed from physical media or a network for use on a desktop or server, or be used without installing on a desktop or server.

Desktop environments. With on SolarisEarly releases of Solaris used as the standard desktop environment. In Solaris 2.0 to 2.2, OpenWindows supported both and applications, and provided for applications from Sun's older desktop environment. NeWS allowed applications to be built in an way using, a common printing language released in 1982.

Solaris 8 Download

The originated from 's in 1984 and allowed for the display of an application to be disconnected from the machine where the application was running, separated by a network connection. Sun's original bundled SunView application suite was ported to X.Sun later dropped support for legacy SunView applications and NeWS with OpenWindows 3.3, which shipped with Solaris 2.3, and switched to with support. The graphical look and feel remained based upon. OpenWindows 3.6.2 was the last release under Solaris 8. The OPEN LOOK Window Manager with other OPEN LOOK specific applications were dropped in Solaris 9, but support libraries were still bundled, providing long term binary backwards compatibility with existing applications. The OPEN LOOK Virtual Window Manager (olvwm) can still be downloaded for Solaris from and works on releases as recent as Solaris 10.

The (CDE) was in August 2012. This is a screenshot of CDE running on Solaris 10.Sun and other Unix vendors created an industry alliance to standardize Unix desktops.

As a member of the (COSE) initiative, Sun helped co-develop the (CDE). This was an initiative to create a standard Unix desktop environment.

Each vendor contributed different components: contributed the, provided the, and Sun provided the and calendar facilities as well as drag-and-drop support. This new desktop environment was based upon the look and feel and the old OPEN LOOK desktop environment was considered legacy.

Sun Solaris 8

CDE unified Unix desktops across multiple vendors. CDE was available as an unbundled add-on for Solaris 2.4 and 2.5, and was included in Solaris 2.6 through 10.

This is a screenshot of the (JDS) running on Solaris 10.In 2001, Sun issued a preview release of the open-source desktop environment 1.4, based on the toolkit, for Solaris 8. Solaris 9 8/03 introduced GNOME 2.0 as an alternative to CDE. Solaris 10 includes Sun's (JDS), which is based on GNOME and comes with a large set of applications, including, Sun's.

Sun describes JDS as a 'major component' of Solaris 10. The Java Desktop System is not included in Solaris 11 which instead ships with a stock version of GNOME. Likewise, CDE applications are no longer included in Solaris 11, but many libraries remain for binary backwards compatibility.The open source desktop environments and, along with numerous other, also compile and run on recent versions of Solaris.Sun was investing in a new desktop environment called since 2003. The project has been inactive since late 2006.

License Traditional operating system license (1982 to 2004) For versions up to 2005 (Solaris 9), Solaris was licensed under a license that permitted a customer to buy licenses in bulk, and install the software on any machine up to a maximum number. The key license grant was:License to Use. Customer is granted a non-exclusive and non-transferable license ('License') for the use of the accompanying binary software in machine-readable form, together with accompanying documentation ('Software'), by the number of users and the class of computer hardware for which the corresponding fee has been paid.In addition, the license provided a 'License to Develop' granting rights to create derivative works, restricted copying to only a single archival copy, disclaimer of warranties, and the like. The license varied only little through 2004.Open source (2005 until March 2010) From 2005–10, Sun began to release the source code for development builds of Solaris under the (CDDL) via the project. This code was based on the work being done for the post-Solaris 10 release (code-named 'Nevada'; eventually released as Oracle Solaris 11).

As the project progressed, it grew to encompass most of the necessary code to compile an entire release, with a few exceptions. Post-Oracle closed source (March 2010 to present) When Sun was acquired by in 2010, the OpenSolaris project was discontinued after the board became unhappy with Oracle's stance on the project. In March 2010, the previously freely available Solaris 10 was placed under a restrictive license that limited the use, modification and redistribution of the operating system. The license allowed the user to download the operating system free of charge, through the, and use it for a 90-day trial period. After that trial period had expired the user would then have to purchase a support contract from Oracle to continue using the operating system.With the release of Solaris 11 in 2011, the license terms changed again. The new license allows Solaris 10 and Solaris 11 to be downloaded free of charge from the Oracle Technology Network and used without a support contract indefinitely; however, the license only expressly permits the user to use Solaris as a development platform and expressly forbids commercial and 'production' use.

Lemonade tycoon 1.16 license full version. Educational use is permitted in some circumstances. Solaris logo introduced with Solaris 10 and used until Oracle's acquisition of SunNotable features of Solaris include, and.Updates to Solaris versions are periodically issued. A more comprehensive summary of some Solaris versions is also available.

Solaris releases are also described in the Solaris 2 FAQ. Development release The underlying Solaris codebase has been under continuous development since work began in the late 1980s on what was eventually released as Solaris 2.0. Each version such as Solaris 10 is based on a snapshot of this development codebase, taken near the time of its release, which is then maintained as a derived project. Updates to that project are built and delivered several times a year until the next official release comes out.The Solaris version under development by Sun since the release of Solaris 10 in 2005, was Nevada, and is derived from what is now the codebase.In 2003, an addition to the Solaris development process was initiated. Under the program name Software Express for Solaris (or just Solaris Express), a binary release based on the current development basis was made available for download on a monthly basis, allowing anyone to try out new features and test the quality and stability of the OS as it progressed to the release of the next official Solaris version.

A later change to this program introduced a quarterly release model with support available, renamed Solaris Express Developer Edition (SXDE).In 2007, Sun announced Project Indiana with several goals, including providing an open source binary distribution of the OpenSolaris project, replacing SXDE. The first release of this distribution was OpenSolaris 2008.05.The Solaris Express Community Edition (SXCE) was intended specifically for OpenSolaris developers.

It was updated every two weeks until it was discontinued in January 2010, with a recommendation that users migrate to the OpenSolaris distribution. Although the download license seen when downloading the image files indicates its use is limited to personal, educational and evaluation purposes, the license acceptance form displayed when the user actually installs from these images lists additional uses including commercial and production environments.SXCE releases terminated with build 130 and OpenSolaris releases terminated with build 134 a few weeks later.

The next release of OpenSolaris based on build 134 was due in March 2010, but it was never fully released, though the packages were made available on the package repository. Instead, Oracle renamed the binary distribution Solaris 11 Express, changed the license terms and released build 151a as 2010.11 in November 2010.Open source derivatives Current. See also:, and. – A fully open source fork of the project, started in 2010 by a community of Sun OpenSolaris engineers. Note that OpenSolaris was not 100% open source: Some drivers and some libraries were property of other companies that Sun (now Oracle) licensed and was not able to release.

– A project under the illumos umbrella aiming '. to become the de facto OpenSolaris distribution installed on production servers where security and bug fixes are required free of charge.' . SchilliX – The first LiveCD released after OpenSolaris code was opened to public.

napp-it – A webmanaged ZFS storage appliance based on Solaris and the free forks like OmniOS with a Free and Pro edition. – Optimized for storage workloads, based on Nexenta OS. – illumos kernel with userland and packages from. Strives to become an official Debian port. – Virtualization centered derivative from.Discontinued. – A project initiated by, discontinued after the acquisition by Oracle. (discontinued October 31, 2012) – First distribution based on userland with Solaris-derived kernel.

StormOS (discontinued September 14, 2012 ) – A lightweight desktop OS based on and. MartUX – The first distribution of OpenSolaris, with an prototype released by Martin Bochnig in April 2006. It was distributed as a but is later available only on DVD as it has had the community software added. Its goal was to become a desktop operating system. The first SPARC release was a small Live CD, released as marTux0.2 Live CD in summer of 2006, the first straight OpenSolaris distribution for SPARC (not to be confused with GNOME metacity theme). It was later re-branded as MartUX and the next releases included full SPARC installers in addition to the Live media.

Much later, MartUX was re-branded as OpenSXCE when it moved to the first OpenSolaris release to support both SPARC and Intel architectures after Sun was acquired by Oracle. MilaX – A small Live CD/Live USB with minimal set of packages to fit a 90 MB image. EON ZFS Storage – A implementation targeted at embedded systems. Jaris OS – Live DVD and also installable. Pronounced according to the IPA but in English as Yah-Rees. This distribution has been heavily modified to fully support a version of Wine called Madoris that can install and run Windows programs at native speed.

Jaris stands for 'Japanese Solaris'. Madoris is a combination of the Japanese word for Windows 'mado' and Solaris. – An OpenSolaris distribution release for both and x86 platforms and microprocessors, initially produced from OpenSolaris source code repository, ported to the illumos source code repository to form OpenIndiana's first SPARC distribution. Notably, the first OpenSolaris distribution with illumos source for SPARC based upon OpenIndiana, OpenSXCE finally moved to a new source code repository, based upon DilOS.Reception. Robert Lipschutz and Gregg Harrington from PCMag reviewed Solaris 9 in 2002:“All in all, Sun has stayed the course with Solaris 9.

While its more user-friendly management is welcome, that probably won't be enough to win over converts. What may is the platform's reliability, flexibility, and power.”. Robert Lipschutz also reviewed Solaris 10:“Be that as it may, since the Solaris 10 download is free, it behooves any IT manager to load it on an extra server and at least give it a try.”. Tom Henderson reviewed Solaris 10 for Network World:“Solaris 10 provides a flexible background for securely dividing system resources, providing performance guarantees and tracking usage for these containers. Creating basic containers and populating them with user applications and resources is simple. But some cases may require quite a bit of fine-tuning.”.

Robert Escue for OSNews:“I think that Sun has put some really nice touches on Solaris 10 that make it a better operating system for both administrators and users. The security enhancements are a long time coming, but are worth the wait. Is Solaris 10 perfect, in a word no it is not. But for most uses, including a desktop OS I think Solaris 10 is a huge improvement over previous releases.”. Thomas Greene for The Register:“We've had fun with Solaris 10. It's got virtues that we definitely admire. What it needs to compete with Linux will be easier to bring about than what it's already got.

It could become a Linux killer, or at least a serious competitor on Linux's turf. The only question is whether Sun has the will to see it through.”See also.References.

Installing on SolarisSSH Tectia Client is available for Sun Solaris 8, 9, and 10 on the 32-bit SPARC architecture and for Solaris 10 on the 64-bit x86-64 architecture.SSH Tectia Client includes support for Zones on Solaris 10. The SSH Tectia software can be installed into the global and local zones. When the SSH Tectia software is installed into the global zone, it becomes automatically installed also into the existing local zones. However, SSH Tectia Client needs to be separately installed into local zones added later into the system. For instructions, see the Sun Microsystem documentation: System Administration Guide: Solaris Containers-Resource Management and Solaris Zones.SSH Tectia Client includes support for Entrust certificates on Solaris 8.

The necessary libraries are automatically included in the installation.The downloaded online installation package contains the compressed installation files. On the CD-ROM, the installation packages for Solaris are located in the /install/solaris/ directory.Two packages are required: one for common components of SSH Tectia Client and Server, and another for specific components of SSH Tectia Client. With SSH Tectia Client with EFT Expansion Pack you may choose to install either the full client package or the client package without the sshg3 program.With SSH Tectia Client with EFT Expansion Pack, the FTP-SFTP conversion package and the SDK package are also available.

The SDK package contains the file transfer APIs in C and Java.To install SSH Tectia Client on Solaris, follow the instructions below. What to read next:. Reduce Secure Shell risk.

Get to know the NIST 7966.The NISTIR 7966 guideline from the Computer Security Division of NIST is a direct call to action for organizations regardless of industry and is a mandate for the US Federal government. ISACA Practitioner Guide for SSHWith contributions from practitioners, specialists and SSH.COM experts, the ISACA “SSH: Practitioner Considerations” guide is vital best practice from the compliance and audit community.What we recommend to read next:.Regulatory compliance for cybersecurity?.Privileged access management related information.